Gmail, Outlook, and most other providers cap attachments at around 20-25MB combined. A scanned document or a PDF full of high-resolution photos can blow past that easily.
The most common culprit is a scanned document saved at a high DPI, or a report with full-resolution photos pasted in at print quality when web/email quality would look identical on screen. Neither needs to stay at that resolution for something that will just be read on a screen or reprinted at normal size.
If a heavily compressed file is still over the limit, consider whether the document actually needs to be sent as one file — splitting it into logical sections, or sharing via a cloud link instead of an attachment, both sidestep the size cap entirely.
Ready to try it yourself?
Shrink your PDF for email →Most major providers cap attachments around 20-25MB, though the effective limit is often lower once you account for encoding overhead.
At a moderate setting, most people won't notice a difference when viewing on a screen or printing at standard size.